After World War II, the First State Watch Factory focused heavily on wristwatch production. This lead to a proliferation of discrete brands in the 1950s, all powered by First Moscow Watch Factory movements. These brands included Antarktida, Kirovskie, Kosmos, Mayak, Moskva, Orbita, Pobeda, Poljus, Rodina, Signal, Sportivnie, Sputnik, Stolichnie, Strela, Sturmanskie, and Vympel.

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The Orbita brand (Орбита, meaning "orbit") was launched in 1962 with a 29-jewel caliber 2415 automatic movement. This was a complete overhaul of the first-generation Soviet automatic (see: Rodina). Impressively thin at just 3.9mm thick, this caliber was intended as an elegant design solution to the challenge of auto-winding. In order to achieve world-class thinness, the gear train and auto-winding mechanics were built into the same plane. This meant only the winding rotor rose above the top plates, leading to an exceptionally thin design. This movement was also the first Soviet caliber to introduce bi-directional winding.

In 1964, all discrete marques produced by the First Moscow Watch Factory were consolidated under the Poljot brand, dooming the Orbita just two years after its inception. The factory subsequently manufactured a similar design with Poljot on the dial, but there were several small design changes: a two-piece screw-down case-back stamped in English (rather than the Kosmos' snap-on case-back stamped with Cyrillic), the lack of the factory logo on the automatic winding rotor, and, of course, English printing on the dial.